Basis of Preparation
Statement of Compliance of TFRS
The consolidated financial statements and disclosures have been prepared in accordance with the communiqué numbered II-14,1 “Communiqué on the Principles of Financial Reporting in Capital Markets” (“the Communiqué”) announced by the CMB (hereinafter will be referred to as “the CMB Accounting Standards”) on June 13, 2013 which is published on Official Gazette numbered 28676.
In addition, the consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the specified format in “TFRS Taxonomy Announcement”, issued on 15 April 2019 by the POA, and “the Financial Statements Examples and Guidelines for Use”, which is published by the Capital Markets Board of Turkey.
CCI and its subsidiaries that are incorporated in Turkey maintain their books of account and prepare their statutory financial statements in Turkish Lira (“TL”) in accordance with the regulations on accounting and reporting framework and accounting standards promulgated by the CMB, Turkish Commercial Code (“TCC”) and Tax Legislation and the Uniform Chart of Accounts which is issued by the Ministry of Finance. The subsidiaries incorporated outside of Turkey maintain their books of account and prepare their statutory financial statements in accordance with the regulations of the countries in which they operate.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared from the statutory financial statements of Group’s subsidiaries’ and joint ventures and presented in TL in accordance with CMB Accounting Standards with certain adjustments and reclassifications for the purpose of fair presentation. Such adjustments are primarily related to application of consolidation accounting, accounting for business combinations, accounting for deferred taxes on temporary differences, accounting for employee termination benefits on an actuarial basis and accruals for various expenses. Except for the financial assets carried from their fair values and assets and liabilities included in Business Combination application, consolidated financial statements are prepared on a historical cost basis.
Basis of Consolidated Financial Statement Presentation (continued)
Company’s sales and distribution activities of Doğadan brand in Turkey has been terminated as of April 30, 2020. Accordingly, our Company’s sales and distribution activities of Doğadan brand in Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan has been terminated as of the end of July 2020 (Note 35).
For the year ended December 31, 2020, details of statement of profit and loss from discontinued operations are as follows;
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As of December 31, 2019, the Group, accounts tax amount for net investment hedge on current year tax. As December 31, 2020, the Group reclassed tax amount for net investment hedge from current year tax to deferred tax income. In this context, the amount in December 31, 2019 reclassed for the aim of comparable presentation with current year consolidated financial statements (TL 38,3 million).
Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Group’s Operations
Group has been implementing several contingency plans to mitigate the potential negative impacts of COVID 19 on the Group’s operations and financial statements. It has been some partial hitches in sales process due to curfews and due to closure of some sales channels in countries that Group operates in parallel with the effects on global markets in terms of macro-economic uncertainty. Meanwhile Group has taken series of actions to minimize capital expenditures and increase in inventory and has reviewed current cash flow strategies to maintain strong balance sheet and liquidity figures. Lifting of curfews and decreasing in restrictions regarding to pandemic has positive effect on both market demand and Group’s operations.
Group management has evaluated the potential effects of Covid-19 and has reviewed the key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty on the financial statements as of December 31, 2020. In this concept, Group has performed impairment test for financial assets, inventories, property, plant and equipment, goodwill and bottling rights and has not recognized any impairment loss as of December 31, 2020.
Risk management policies, level and nature of risks arising from Group’s financial instruments are presented separately in Note 39 Nature and Level of Risks Arising from Financial Instruments.
New and Amended Turkish Financial Reporting Standards
a) Amendments that are mandatorily effective from 2020
Amendments to TFRS 3
Amendments to TAS 1 and TAS 8
Amendments to TFRS 9, TAS 39 and TFRS 7
Amendments to TFRS 16
Amendments to Conceptual Framework
Definition of a Business
Definition of Material
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform
COVID-19 Related Rent Concessions
Amendments to References to the Conceptual Framework in TFRSs
Amendments to TFRS 3 Definition of a Business
The definition of “business” is important because the accounting for the acquisition of an activity and asset group varies depending on whether the group is a business or only an asset group. The definition of “business” in TFRS 3 Business Combinations standard has been amended. With this change:
By confirming that a business should include inputs and a process; clarified that the process should be essential and that the process and inputs should contribute significantly to the creation of outputs.
The definition of a business has been simplified by focusing on the definition of goods and services offered to customers and other income from ordinary activities.
An optional test has been added to facilitate the process of deciding whether a company acquired a business or a group of assets.
Amendments to TAS 1 and TAS 8 Definition of Material
The amendments in Definition of Material (Amendments to TAS 1 and TAS 8) clarify the definition of ‘material’ and align the definition used in the Conceptual Framework and the standards.
Amendments to TFRS 9, TAS 39 and TFRS 7 Interest Rate Benchmark Reform
The amendments clarify that entities would continue to apply certain hedge accounting requirements assuming that the interest rate benchmark on which the hedged cash flows and cash flows from the hedging instrument are based will not be altered as a result of interest rate benchmark reform.
Amendments to TFRS 16 COVID-19 Related Rent Concessions
The changes in COVID-19 Related Rent Concessions (Amendment to TFRS 16) brings practical expedient which allows a lessee to elect not to assess whether a COVID 19 related rent concession is a lease modification. The practical expedient applies only to rent concessions occurring as a direct consequence of COVID 19 and only if all of the following conditions are met:
The change in lease payments results in revised consideration for the lease that is substantially the same as, or less than, the consideration for the lease immediately preceding the change;
Any reduction in lease payments affects only payments originally due on or before 30 June 2021 (a rent concession would meet this condition if it results in reduced lease payments on or before 30 June 2021 and increased lease payments that extend beyond 30 June 2021); and
There are no substantive changes to other terms and conditions of the lease.
The amendment is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 June 2020. Earlier application is permitted. There were no COVID-19-related rent concessions of the Group.
Amendments to References to the Conceptual Framework in TFRSs
The references to the Conceptual Framework revised the related paragraphs in TFRS 2, TFRS 3, TFRS 6, TFRS 14, TAS 1, TAS 8, TAS 34, TAS 37, TAS 38, TFRS Interpretation 12, TFRS Interpretation 19, TFRS Interpretation 20, TFRS Interpretation 22, and SIC-32. The amendments, where they actually are updates, are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2020, with early application permitted.
b) New and revised TFRSs in issue but not yet effective
The Group has not yet adopted the following standards and amendments and interpretations to the existing standards:
TFRS 17
Amendments to TAS 1
Amendments to TFRS 3
Amendments to TAS 16
Amendments to TAS 37
Annual Improvements to TFRS Standards 2018 – 2020
Amendments to TFRS 4
Amendments to TFRS 9, TAS, 39, TFRS 7, TFRS 4 and TFRS 16
Insurance Contracts
Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current
Reference to the Conceptual Framework
Property, Plant and Equipment – Proceeds before Intended Use
Onerous Contracts – Cost of Fulfilling a Contract
Amendments to TFRS 1, TFRS 9 and TAS 41TFRS 4 (Değişiklikler)
Extension of the Temporary Exemption from Applying TFRS 9
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – Phase 2
TFRS 17 Insurance Contracts
TFRS 17 requires insurance liabilities to be measured at a current fulfillment value and provides a more uniform measurement and presentation approach for all insurance contracts. These requirements are designed to achieve the goal of a consistent, principle-based accounting for insurance contracts. TFRS 17 supersedes TFRS 4 Insurance Contracts as of 1 January 2023.
Amendments to TAS 1 Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current
The amendments aim to promote consistency in applying the requirements by helping companies determine whether, in the statement of financial position, debt and other liabilities with an uncertain settlement date should be classified as current (due or potentially due to be settled within one year) or non-current.
Amendment defers the effective date by one year. Amendments to TAS 1 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023 and earlier application is permitted.
Amendments to TFRS 3 Reference to the Conceptual Framework
The amendments update an outdated reference to the Conceptual Framework in TFRS 3 without significantly changing the requirements in the standard.
The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. Early application is permitted if an entity also applies all other updated references (published together with the updated Conceptual Framework) at the same time or earlier.
Amendments to TAS 16 Proceeds before Intended Use
The amendments prohibit deducting from the cost of an item of property, plant and equipment any proceeds from selling items produced while bringing that asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Instead, an entity recognizes the proceeds from selling such items, and the cost of producing those items, in profit or loss.
The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. Early application is permitted.
Amendments to TAS 37 Onerous Contracts – Cost of Fulfilling a Contract
The amendments specify that the ‘cost of fulfilling’ a contract comprises the ‘costs that relate directly to the contract’. Costs that relate directly to a contract can either be incremental costs of fulfilling that contract or an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts.
The amendments published today are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. Early application is permitted.
Annual Improvements to TFRS Standards 2018-2020 Cycle
Amendments to TFRS 1 First time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards
The amendment permits a subsidiary that applies paragraph D16(a) of TFRS 1 to measure cumulative translation differences using the amounts reported by its parent, based on the parent’s date of transition to TFRSs.
Amendments to TFRS 9 Financial Instruments
The amendment clarifies which fees an entity includes in assessing whether to derecognize a financial liability. An entity includes only fees paid or received between the entity (the borrower) and the lender, including fees paid or received by either the entity or the lender on the other’s behalf.
Amendments to TAS 41 Agriculture
The amendment removes the requirement in paragraph 22 of TAS 41 for entities to exclude taxation cash flows when measuring the fair value of a biological asset using a present value technique. This will ensure consistency with the requirements in TFRS 13.
The amendments to TFRS 1, TFRS 9, and TAS 41 are all effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. Early application is permitted.
Amendments to TFRS 4 Extension of the Temporary Exemption from Applying IFRS 9
The amendment changes the fixed expiry date for the temporary exemption in TFRS 4 Insurance Contracts from applying TFRS 9 Financial Instruments, so that entities would be required to apply TFRS 9 for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023.
Amendments to TFRS 9, TAS 39, TFRS 7, TFRS 4 and TFRS 16 Interest Rate Benchmark Reform — Phase 2
The amendments in Interest Rate Benchmark Reform — Phase 2 (Amendments to TFRS 9, TAS 39, TFRS 7, TFRS 4 and TFRS 16) introduce a practical expedient for modifications required by the reform, clarify that hedge accounting is not discontinued solely because of the IBOR reform, and introduce disclosures that allow users to understand the nature and extent of risks arising from the IBOR reform to which the entity is exposed to and how the entity manages those risks as well as the entity’s progress in transitioning from IBORs to alternative benchmark rates, and how the entity is managing this transition.
The amendments to TFRS 9, TAS 39, TFRS 7, TFRS 4 and TFRS 16 are all effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2021. Early application is permitted.
Functional and Presentation Currency
The majority of the consolidated foreign subsidiaries and joint venture are regarded as foreign operations since they are financially, economically and organizationally autonomous. In accordance with “TAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates”, there has been a change in the functional currency of the foreign subsidiaries and joint venture from US Dollars (“USD”) to the foreign subsidiaries’ and joint ventures’ local currencies effective from January 1, 2017. This was done considering the multinational structure of foreign operations and realization of most of their operations, by assessing the currency of the primary economic environment of foreign operations, the currency that influences sales prices for goods and services, the currency in which receipts from operating activities are usually retained and the currency that mainly influences costs and other expenses for providing goods and services.
The group has applied the change in functional currency prospectively, in accordance with the requirements of TFRS and the relevant Accounting Standards. All assets and liabilities are converted into the new functional currency using the exchange rate at the date of the change. The resulting translated amounts for non-monetary items are treated as their historical cost. Functional and presentation currency of the Group is Turkish Lira (TL).
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Foreign Currency Translations
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the rate ruling at the date of the transaction. All differences are recorded in the consolidated income statement of the relevant period, as foreign currency loss or gain. Foreign currency translation rates announced by the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey used by the Group’s subsidiaries in Turkey. USD amounts presented in the balance sheet are translated into TL with the official TL exchange rate for purchases of USD on December 31, 2020, USD 1,00 (full) = TL 7,3405 (December 31, 2019; USD 1,00 (full) = TL 5,9402). Furthermore, USD amounts in the income statement have been translated into TL, at the average TL exchange rate for purchases of USD for the period is USD 1,00 (full) = TL 7,0034 (January 1 - December 31, 2019; USD 1,00 (full) = TL 5,6712).
The assets and liabilities of subsidiaries and joint ventures operating in foreign countries are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date and the income statements of foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures are translated at average exchange rates. Differences that occur by the usage of closing and average exchange rates are followed under currency translation differences classified under equity.
Offsetting
Financial assets and liabilities are offset, and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Estimates, Assumptions and Judgements Used
The key assumptions concerning the future and other key resources of estimation at the balance sheet date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year and the significant judgments (apart from those involving estimations) with the most significant effect on amounts recognized in the financial statements are as follows:
a) The Group has made significant assumptions over the useful life of buildings, machinery and equipment based on the expertise of the technical departments (Note 20).
b) The Group reviews the carrying values of property, plant and equipment for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists and where the carrying values exceed the estimated recoverable amount, the assets or cash- generating units are written down to their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount (net realizable value) of property, plant and equipment is the greater of net selling price and value in use (Note 20 and Note 21).
c) The Group performs impairment test for bottling rights with indefinite useful life and goodwill annually or when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. As of December 31, 2020, impairment test for the intangible assets with indefinite useful life and goodwill is generated by comparing its carrying amount with the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is determined taking the value in use calculation as basis. During these 10
years period calculations, estimated free cash flow before tax from financial budgets that were approved by board of directors are used for 3-year period.
Estimated free cash flows before tax after 3-year period for the remaining 7 years are calculated by using expected growth rates. Estimated free cash flows before tax are discounted to expected present value for future cash flows. Key assumptions such as country specific market growth rates, gross domestic product per capita and consumer price indices were derived from external sources. For impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of assets, cash generating units (Note 21 and Note 22). For the impairment test, below assumptions were used for the year-end December 31, 2020;
d) Deferred tax asset is only recorded if it is probable that a taxable income will be realized in the future. Under the circumstances that a taxable income will be realized in the future, deferred tax is calculated over the temporary differences by carrying forward the deferred tax asset in the previous years and the accumulated losses.
e) The Group has made significant assumptions over the useful life of spare parts for machinery and equipment based on the expertise of the technical departments (Note 20). Group has made an estimation change in useful life assumption in 2020 and decreased the 20 years useful life assumption to 10 years. Impact of this assumption change was explained in Note 20.
f) Expected credit loss is recognized by using the expected credit loss defined in TFRS 9. Expected credit losses are calculated based on Group’s future estimates and experience over the past years (Note 11).
g) The discount rates related with retirement pay liability are actuarial assumptions determined with future salary increase and the employee’s turnover rates (Note 26).
Basis of Consolidation and Interests in Joint Ventures
The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the parent company, CCI, its subsidiaries and joint ventures prepared as for the year ended December 31, 2020. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and cease to be consolidated from the date on which control is transferred out of the Group. The consolidated financial statements cover CCI and the subsidiaries it controls. This control is normally evidenced when the Group owns, either directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the voting rights of a company’s share capital and is able to govern the financial and operating policies of an enterprise so as to benefit from its activities.
Subsidiaries are consolidated by using the full consolidation method; therefore, the carrying value of subsidiaries is eliminated against the related shareholders’ equity. The equity and net income attributable to non-controlling interests are shown separately in the consolidated balance sheet and consolidated income statement.
TFRS 11 “Joint Arrangements” is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. This standard defines joint control with a realistic view, which
is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement. There are two types of joint arrangements: joint operations and joint ventures. Among other changes introduced, under this new standard, proportionate consolidation is not permitted for joint ventures. With this amendment, joint ventures were accounted for under the equity method of accounting at the consolidated financial statements, starting from January 1, 2013. Investment in joint ventures accounted for under the equity method of accounting is carried in the consolidated balance sheet at cost and adjusted thereafter for post-acquisition changes in the Group’s share of net assets of the joint ventures, less any impairment in value. The consolidated income statement reflects the Group’s share of the results of operations of the joint ventures.
Intercompany balances and transactions, including intercompany profits and unrealized profits and losses, are eliminated. Consolidated financial statements are prepared using uniform accounting policies for like transactions and other events in similar circumstances.